A Durable Blueprint for California’s Flexible Load
California is facing sharply rising electricity rates at the same time its supply mix is shifting toward variable and energy-limited …
What Dominion’s Residential Rates Would Have Been Without Data Centers
Whether data centers raise rates for everyone else is one of the most contested questions in the sector, and most …
E3 Quantifies the Grid and Customer Value of Vehicle-Grid Integration for GM Energy
Electric vehicles are a large and growing source of flexible load. A managed EV can shift its charging to low-cost …
E3 Assesses Utility Business Model Reforms to Support Electricity Affordability in New Jersey
Governor Sherrill of New Jersey has made energy affordability a key part of her policy agenda. In January 2026, she …
Getting the Price Right for Local DER
Electricity affordability has become a central regulatory and legislative concern, and that concern is increasingly focused on the distribution system. …
An Empirical Analysis of Data Center Grid Utilization, Cost-of-Service and Revenue Contributions
Rising electricity demand, particularly from data centers, has generated widespread attention, with many headlines linking load growth to rising retail …
Electric Rate Impacts of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicle Electrification Investments
Utilities are being asked to interconnect the nation's electrifying truck fleets at the same moment rate affordability has become a …
Comparing Large Load Tariffs for Data Centers Across U.S. Utilities
In response to surging electricity demand from data centers, utilities across the U.S. have rolled out a wave of new …
A Municipal Utility Model for Funding Electrification: Lessons from Palo Alto
E3 recently supported the City of Palo Alto (“the City”) with a set of models and studies to help the …
Insights from State and Regional Climate Action Plans
In early December, many states and local governments completed a significant milestone of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)’s Climate Pollution …
How Load Management Can Help Massachusetts Meet Rising Demand
Massachusetts is preparing for a widespread shift to electrified vehicles and buildings. As part of its plan to reach net-zero …
E3 Study for Amazon Identifies Rate Design Best Practices to Manage Large-Load Growth
E3 released a new white paper for Amazon that examines, (1) how utilities can effectively design electric rates to serve …
Insights from New Jersey’s Latest Energy Master Plan
New Jersey has released its 2024 Energy Master Plan, finalized and published in 2025. E3 supported the State by providing …
Forecasting Large Loads in the Age of AI and Data Centers
U.S. utilities and system operators are confronting a level of load uncertainty not seen in decades. New demand drivers such …
